(?)　(?)在(Zai)直(Zhi)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)，(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)是(Shi)相(Xiang)当(Dang)于(Yu)断(Duan)路(Lu)的(De)。(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)能(Neng)够(Gou)储(Chu)藏(Cang)电(Dian)荷(He)的(De)元(Yuan)件(Jian)，(?)也(Ye)是(Shi)最(Zui)常(Chang)用(Yong)的(De)电(Dian)子(Zi)元(Yuan)件(Jian)之(Zhi)一(Yi)。(?)这(Zhe)得(De)从(Cong)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)的(De)结(Jie)构(Gou)上(Shang)说(Shuo)起(Qi)。(?)最(Zui)简(Jian)单(Dan)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)是(Shi)由(You)两(Liang)端(Duan)的(De)极(Ji)板(Ban)和(He)中(Zhong)间(Jian)的(De)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)电(Dian)介(Jie)质(Zhi)(包(Bao)括(Kuo)空(Kong)气(Qi))构(Gou)成(Cheng)的(De)。(?)通(Tong)电(Dian)后(Hou)，(?)极(Ji)板(Ban)带(Dai)电(Dian)，(?)形(Xing)成(Cheng)电(Dian)压(Ya)(电(Dian)势(Shi)差(Cha))，(?)但(Dan)是(Shi)由(You)于(Yu)中(Zhong)间(Jian)的(De)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)物(Wu)质(Zhi)，(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)整(Zheng)个(Ge)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)是(Shi)不(Bu)导(Dao)电(Dian)的(De)。(?)不(Bu)过(Guo)，(?)这(Zhe)样(Yang)的(De)情(Qing)况(Kuang)是(Shi)在(Zai)没(Mei)有(You)超(Chao)过(Guo)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)的(De)临(Lin)界(Jie)电(Dian)压(Ya)(击(Ji)穿(Chuan)电(Dian)压(Ya))的(De)前(Qian)提(Ti)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)的(De)。(?)我(Wo)们(Men)知(Zhi)道(Dao)，(?)任(Ren)何(He)物(Wu)质(Zhi)都(Du)是(Shi)相(Xiang)对(Dui)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)的(De)，(?)当(Dang)物(Wu)质(Zhi)两(Liang)端(Duan)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)加(Jia)大(Da)到(Dao)一(Yi)定(Ding)程(Cheng)度(Du)后(Hou)，(?)物(Wu)质(Zhi)是(Shi)都(Du)可(Ke)以(Yi)导(Dao)电(Dian)的(De)，(?)我(Wo)们(Men)称(Cheng)这(Zhe)个(Ge)电(Dian)压(Ya)叫(Jiao)击(Ji)穿(Chuan)电(Dian)压(Ya)。(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)也(Ye)不(Bu)例(Li)外(Wai)，(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)被(Bei)击(Ji)穿(Chuan)后(Hou)，(?)就(Jiu)不(Bu)是(Shi)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)体(Ti)了(Liao)。(?)不(Bu)过(Guo)在(Zai)中(Zhong)学(Xue)阶(Jie)段(Duan)，(?)这(Zhe)样(Yang)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)在(Zai)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)是(Shi)见(Jian)不(Bu)到(Dao)的(De)，(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)都(Du)是(Shi)在(Zai)击(Ji)穿(Chuan)电(Dian)压(Ya)以(Yi)下(Xia)工(Gong)作(Zuo)的(De)，(?)可(Ke)以(Yi)被(Bei)当(Dang)做(Zuo)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)体(Ti)看(Kan)。(?)但(Dan)是(Shi)，(?)在(Zai)交(Jiao)流(Liu)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)，(?)因(Yin)为(Wei)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)方(Fang)向(Xiang)是(Shi)随(Sui)时(Shi)间(Jian)成(Cheng)一(Yi)定(Ding)的(De)函(Han)数(Shu)关(Guan)系(Xi)变(Bian)化(Hua)的(De)。(?)而(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)充(Chong)放(Fang)电(Dian)的(De)过(Guo)程(Cheng)是(Shi)有(You)时(Shi)间(Jian)的(De)，(?)这(Zhe)个(Ge)时(Shi)候(Hou)，(?)在(Zai)极(Ji)板(Ban)间(Jian)形(Xing)成(Cheng)变(Bian)化(Hua)的(De)电(Dian)场(Chang)，(?)而(?)这(Zhe)个(Ge)电(Dian)场(Chang)也(Ye)是(Shi)随(Sui)时(Shi)间(Jian)变(Bian)化(Hua)的(De)函(Han)数(Shu)。(?)实(Shi)际(Ji)上(Shang)，(?)电(Dian)流(Liu)是(Shi)通(Tong)过(Guo)电(Dian)场(Chang)的(De)形(Xing)式(Shi)在(Zai)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)间(Jian)通(Tong)过(Guo)的(De)。(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong)：(?)●(?)耦(Ou)合(He)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)耦(Ou)合(He)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)称(Cheng)为(Wei)耦(Ou)合(He)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)在(Zai)阻(Zu)容(Rong)耦(Ou)合(He)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)和(He)其(Qi)他(Ta)电(Dian)容(Rong)耦(Ou)合(He)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)大(Da)量(Liang)使(Shi)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)起(Qi)隔(Ge)直(Zhi)流(Liu)通(Tong)交(Jiao)流(Liu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)

　(?)　(?)●(?)滤(Lu)波(Bo)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)滤(Lu)波(Bo)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)滤(Lu)波(Bo)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)在(Zai)电(Dian)源(Yuan)滤(Lu)波(Bo)和(He)各(Ge)种(Zhong)滤(Lu)波(Bo)器(Qi)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)使(Shi)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)滤(Lu)波(Bo)电(Dian)容(Rong)将(Jiang)一(Yi)定(Ding)频(Pin)段(Duan)内(Nei)的(De)信(Xin)号(Hao)从(Cong)总(Zong)信(Xin)号(Hao)中(Zhong)去(Qu)除(Chu)。(?)●(?)退(Tui)耦(Ou)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)退(Tui)耦(Ou)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)退(Tui)耦(Ou)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)在(Zai)多(Duo)级(Ji)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)的(De)直(Zhi)流(Liu)电(Dian)压(Ya)供(Gong)给(Gei)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)使(Shi)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)退(Tui)耦(Ou)电(Dian)容(Rong)消(Xiao)除(Chu)每(Mei)级(Ji)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)有(You)害(Hai)低(Di)频(Pin)交(Jiao)连(Lian)。(?)●(?)高(Gao)频(Pin)消(Xiao)振(Zhen)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)高(Gao)频(Pin)消(Xiao)振(Zhen)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)称(Cheng)为(Wei)高(Gao)频(Pin)消(Xiao)振(Zhen)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)在(Zai)音(Yin)频(Pin)负(Fu)反(Fan)馈(Kui)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)中(Zhong)，(?)为(Wei)了(Liao)消(Xiao)振(Zhen)可(Ke)能(Neng)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)高(Gao)频(Pin)自(Zi)激(Ji)，(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)以(Yi)消(Xiao)除(Chu)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)可(Ke)能(Neng)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)高(Gao)频(Pin)啸(Xiao)叫(Jiao)。(?)●(?)谐(Xie)振(Zhen)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)LC谐(Xie)振(Zhen)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)谐(Xie)振(Zhen)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)LC并(Bing)联(Lian)和(He)串(Chuan)联(Lian)谐(Xie)振(Zhen)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)都(Du)需(Xu)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)

　(?)　(?)●(?)旁(Pang)路(Lu)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)旁(Pang)路(Lu)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)旁(Pang)路(Lu)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)如(Ru)果(Guo)需(Xu)要(Yao)从(Cong)信(Xin)号(Hao)中(Zhong)去(Qu)掉(Diao)某(Mou)一(Yi)频(Pin)段(Duan)的(De)信(Xin)号(Hao)，(?)可(Ke)以(Yi)使(Shi)用(Yong)旁(Pang)路(Lu)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)根(Gen)据(Ju)所(Suo)去(Qu)掉(Diao)信(Xin)号(Hao)频(Pin)率(Lu)不(Bu)同(Tong)，(?)有(You)全(Quan)频(Pin)域(Yu)(所(Suo)有(You)交(Jiao)流(Liu)信(Xin)号(Hao))旁(Pang)路(Lu)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)和(He)高(Gao)频(Pin)旁(Pang)路(Lu)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)

　(?)　(?)●(?)中(Zhong)和(He)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)中(Zhong)和(He)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)中(Zhong)和(He)电(Dian)容(Rong)。(?)在(Zai)收(Shou)音(Yin)机(Ji)高(Gao)频(Pin)和(He)中(Zhong)频(Pin)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)，(?)电(Dian)视(Shi)机(Ji)高(Gao)频(Pin)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)中(Zhong)，(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)中(Zhong)和(He)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)以(Yi)消(Xiao)除(Chu)自(Zi)激(Ji)。(?)●(?)定(Ding)时(Shi)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)定(Ding)时(Shi)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)定(Ding)时(Shi)电(Dian)容(Rong)。(?)在(Zai)需(Xu)要(Yao)通(Tong)过(Guo)电(Dian)容(Rong)充(Chong)电(Dian)、(?)放(Fang)电(Dian)进(Jin)行(Xing)时(Shi)间(Jian)控(Kong)制(Zhi)的(De)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)使(Shi)用(Yong)定(Ding)时(Shi)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)电(Dian)容(Rong)起(Qi)控(Kong)制(Zhi)时(Shi)间(Jian)常(Chang)数(Shu)大(Da)小(Xiao)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong)。(?)●(?)积(Ji)分(Fen)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)积(Ji)分(Fen)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)积(Ji)分(Fen)电(Dian)容(Rong)。(?)在(Zai)电(Dian)势(Shi)场(Chang)扫(Sao)描(Miao)的(De)同(Tong)步(Bu)分(Fen)离(Li)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)，(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)积(Ji)分(Fen)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)可(Ke)以(Yi)从(Cong)场(Chang)复(Fu)合(He)同(Tong)步(Bu)信(Xin)号(Hao)中(Zhong)取(Qu)出(Chu)场(Chang)同(Tong)步(Bu)信(Xin)号(Hao)

　(?)　(?)●(?)微(Wei)分(Fen)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)微(Wei)分(Fen)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)微(Wei)分(Fen)电(Dian)容(Rong)。(?)在(Zai)触(Chu)发(Fa)器(Qi)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)为(Wei)了(Liao)得(De)到(Dao)尖(Jian)顶(Ding)触(Chu)发(Fa)信(Xin)号(Hao)，(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)微(Wei)分(Fen)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)以(Yi)从(Cong)各(Ge)类(Lei)(主(Zhu)要(Yao)是(Shi)矩(Ju)形(Xing)脉(Mai)冲(Chong))信(Xin)号(Hao)中(Zhong)得(De)到(Dao)尖(Jian)顶(Ding)脉(Mai)冲(Chong)触(Chu)发(Fa)信(Xin)号(Hao)。(?)●(?)补(Bu)偿(Chang)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)补(Bu)偿(Chang)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)补(Bu)偿(Chang)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)在(Zai)卡(Ka)座(Zuo)的(De)低(Di)音(Yin)补(Bu)偿(Chang)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)低(Di)频(Pin)补(Bu)偿(Chang)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)以(Yi)提(Ti)升(Sheng)放(Fang)音(Yin)信(Xin)号(Hao)中(Zhong)的(De)低(Di)频(Pin)信(Xin)号(Hao)，(?)此(Ci)外(Wai)，(?)还(Huan)有(You)高(Gao)频(Pin)补(Bu)偿(Chang)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)。(?)●(?)自(Zi)举(Ju)：(?)用(Yong)在(Zai)自(Zi)举(Ju)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)自(Zi)举(Ju)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)常(Chang)用(Yong)的(De)OTL功(Gong)率(Lu)放(Fang)大(Da)器(Qi)输(Shu)出(Chu)级(Ji)电(Dian)路(Lu)采(Cai)用(Yong)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)自(Zi)举(Ju)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)以(Yi)通(Tong)过(Guo)正(Zheng)反(Fan)馈(Kui)的(De)方(Fang)式(Shi)少(Shao)量(Liang)提(Ti)升(Sheng)信(Xin)号(Hao)的(De)正(Zheng)半(Ban)周(Zhou)幅(Fu)度(Du)。(?)●(?)分(Fen)频(Pin)：(?)在(Zai)分(Fen)频(Pin)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)的(De)电(Dian)容(Rong)器(Qi)称(Cheng)为(Wei)分(Fen)频(Pin)电(Dian)容(Rong)，(?)在(Zai)音(Yin)箱(Xiang)的(De)扬(Yang)声(Sheng)器(Qi)分(Fen)频(Pin)电(Dian)路(Lu)中(Zhong)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)分(Fen)频(Pin)电(Dian)容(Rong)电(Dian)路(Lu)，(?)以(Yi)使(Shi)高(Gao)频(Pin)扬(Yang)声(Sheng)器(Qi)工(Gong)作(Zuo)在(Zai)高(Gao)频(Pin)段(Duan)，(?)中(Zhong)频(Pin)扬(Yang)声(Sheng)器(Qi)工(Gong)作(Zuo)在(Zai)中(Zhong)频(Pin)段(Duan)，(?)低(Di)频(Pin)扬(Yang)声(Sheng)器(Qi)工(Gong)作(Zuo)在(Zai)低(Di)频(Pin)段(Duan)

　(?)　(?)●(?)负(Fu)载(Zai)电(Dian)容(Rong)：(?)是(Shi)指(Zhi)与(Yu)石(Shi)英(Ying)晶(Jing)体(Ti)谐(Xie)振(Zhen)器(Qi)一(Yi)起(Qi)决(Jue)定(Ding)负(Fu)载(Zai)谐(Xie)振(Zhen)频(Pin)率(Lu)的(De)有(You)效(Xiao)外(Wai)界(Jie)电(Dian)容(Rong)。(?)负(Fu)载(Zai)电(Dian)容(Rong)常(Chang)用(Yong)的(De)标(Biao)准(Zhun)值(Zhi)有(You)16pF、(?)20pF、(?)30pF、(?)50pF和(He)100pF。(?)负(Fu)载(Zai)电(Dian)容(Rong)可(Ke)以(Yi)根(Gen)据(Ju)具(Ju)体(Ti)情(Qing)况(Kuang)作(Zuo)适(Shi)当(Dang)的(De)调(Diao)整(Zheng)，(?)通(Tong)过(Guo)调(Diao)整(Zheng)一(Yi)般(Ban)可(Ke)以(Yi)将(Jiang)谐(Xie)振(Zhen)器(Qi)的(De)工(Gong)作(Zuo)频(Pin)率(Lu)调(Diao)到(Dao)标(Biao)称(Cheng)值(Zhi)。(?)